Changing Policy on Medieval Heresy Essay - 1255 Words

Heresy, as defined by the medieval church, is an opinion chosen by human perception, found on the scriptures, contrary to the teachings of the church, publicly avowed and obstinately defended (Moore ix). The word Heresy originates from the Greek word, Hairesis, meaning choice (George xi). During the Medieval time period, which stretched from the 700s to the 1400s, heresies became sought out as religious alternatives to the constraining Catholic Church (George 342, Roach 11). The common people began to become increasingly more educated (Roach 52). With this came the ability, the need, to question authority (Moore 3, Roach 59). Because of the Churchs religious monopoly and the laitys demand for knowledge, heresy became a†¦show more content†¦As the Church forced more and more pressures on the populace, heresies began to emerge to bring answers to the laypeople?s religious questions (Lambert 39-40). At the beginning of the 1100?s, there were the first instances of the laity beg inning to become more outspoken in their religious choices (Roach 26). In 1076, Remihrdus of Douai started preaching against simony, which was the selling of church pardons so that the laity was no longer accountable for their personal sins (Roach 14, 27). The Church decided that his ideas were too heretical so the bishop of Cambrai had him burned at the stake. Even after Remihrdus was killed, sermons against the practice of simony continued, though many searched for pastoral approval before continuing with their teachings (Roach 27-28). In France in 1116, Henry of Le Mans, also known as Henry of Lausanne, spoke out against people marrying because of their dictated caste system and the corruption of the clergy (Roach 30). While the bishop of Le Mans, Hildebert, was visiting Rome, Henry persuaded the entire town to forsake the clergy (Roach 30, Lambert 49). His followers were convinced to come forth and marry prostitutes so that the women would have a proper home and clothing (Roach 31). When Hildebert returned, he found that the townspeople had been turned against him. In response to his blessing they shouted, ?It is of no value to us to accept your blessings?goShow MoreRelatedEssay The English Reformation3494 Words   |  14 PagesThe English Reformation During the reign of King Richard II England was experiencing her first serious outbreak of heresy for nearly a millennium. This widespread heresy, known as Lollardy, held the reformation of the Catholic Church as its main motivation, and was based upon the ideas of John Wyclif, an Oxford scholar. 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The Movie Rain Maker Rudy Explaining Why He Became A Lawyer

The movie Rain Maker begins with Rudy explaining why he became a lawyer. The movie portrays Rudy Baylor, a young prospective lawyer, trying to make it in the legal world. In the movie Rainmaker, director Francis Ford Coppola has managed to create a back-room atmosphere populated by convincing characters bent on corrupting the professions of law and insurance. The Beginning of the movie focuses on Rudy Baylor who just graduated from Law School at Memphis state. Upon graduation, Prince Thomas introduced Rudy to a very fraudulent and unethical lawyer by the name of Bruiser Stone. Para lawyer named Deck Shifflet who works at Bruisers firm assists Rudy. Deck admits to have practiced law without having his license or passing the bar exam. After†¦show more content†¦He was handled an open and shut case against Great Benefit, a large insurance company by the Blacks. The Black s son, Donny Ray, had leukemia but could have been saved had he gotten a bone marrow transplant in time. The only obstacle to Donny Ray’s survival is the insurance company, Great Benefit, which refused to pay for the costly transplant procedure. Great Benefit denies the claim several times, and each denial is grounded on a variety of blatantly bad-faith reasons. Great Benefit claims that the leukemia was a pre-existing condition, that Donny Ray is an adult emancipated from his parents that the policy covered only household members, and alternatively, that bone marrow transplants are experimental. It even sent a letter to the Blacks saying, You must be stupid, stupid, stupid for requesting coverage. Donny Ray ultimately succumbs to the leukemia and dies. The company denies every initial claim that crosses their desks and also fired people involved in the case. By deciding it was going to initially deny all claims, its managers had a present intention not to pay out under the insurance contract. I think that any corporate executive who instructed the corporation’s employees to deny all claims, regardless of the fact that some of the claims were legitimately covered under the policy, would be guilty of the criminal act of fraud, and could be jailed and/or fined. Drummond and his associates defend the insurance company, and alsoShow MoreRelatedLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pages........................... 553 Exercises .......................................................................................................................................... 555 1 C H A P T E R 1 How to Reason Logically T he goal of this book is to improve your logical-reasoning skills. Your logical-reasoning skills are a complex weave of abilities that help you get someones point, generate reasons for your own point, evaluate the reasons given by others, decide what

Business Ethics Managing Corporate and Sustainability

Question: Discuss about the Business Ethics for Managing Corporate and Sustainability. Answer: Introductions This report is framed with an aim to develop the understanding of whether ethical behavior exist in the business or not. It is also helpful to understand the ethical value communicated by the organization. This report also analyzes the ethical standards in the organization. At the same time, this report focuses on the buyers and sellers interest. It is also helpful to understand the various attributes of business ethics. Finally, this report analyzes the different economic benefits through the ethical standards in the business. Ethical behavior Ethical behavior demonstrates how a person usually thinks about good values. Whereas, it is effective for the organization, because organization complies with the moral principles such as honesty, fairness, diversity in order to take an effective business decision (Delistavrou and Tilikidou, 2012). Along with this, above principles support the organization culture and values and help the company to be sustainable in the long run. Simultaneously, ethical behavior lead to the better relations with shareholders, suppliers, partners, and local community. Strength and Weakness of the Ethical Behavior Strength In the current environment, ethical behavior exists in the business, because it can be helpful in profit making mechanism in business. It increases the value of the firm and it creates the positive relationship among the team working, public, and empowerment. Similarly, it also raises the corporate social responsibility of the firm towards the social welfare of the people. Concurrently, ethical behavior helps to gain the competitive advantage in the market. Moreover, it also creates the workplace culture that enables to build the strong relationship between employees and management (Axelrod, 2013). Weakness There are many weaknesses in an organization due to lack of ethical consideration such as organizations faces the moral and social issues. Meanwhile, it decreases the worth of the firm due to lack of ethics in the business. As a consequence, profit would be decreased. Lack of management support in ethical activity is a weakness of a firm. Similarly, it reduces the market share of the firm. Therefore, developing and maintenance of ethics compliance is very expensive and time-consuming for the organization (Weiss, 2014). Ethical behavior also creates the problem of communication. Findings Ethical behavior is the internal part of the organization and it is necessary for all the firms, because it is helpful to raise the value of the firm. Whereas, some companies do not address the ethical behavior due to time consuming. At the same time, organization complies the business ethical code of conduct for the profit maximization (Chell, et al., 2016). In the UK; there are 300 companies in the British in the Community (BITC) who contributes 0.5% pretax profit for the charitable projects. BITC purpose is to get companies engage in community social and economic problems. Simultaneously, UK companies spread the information related to ethical issues between the managers and staff to change the business circumstances. According to the international survey, there are 40% of Europe firms are conducting the ethical program for the employee social welfare. Whereas, employees think that the companies are more ethical due to profit only. Ethical Value Communicated by the Organization Meanwhile, companies are following the business ethics principle but at times they failed to reinforce to the message. The ethical code of conduct affects the mindset of workers and managers. Consequently, companies make the efforts to enhance the profitability and reduce the cost with the help of business ethics principles, which is quite helpful for the company to gain a competitive advantage (DesJardins and McCall, 2014). Some companies follow the hypocritical window dressing way to enhance their corporate social responsibility towards the people in the market. Furthermore, most of the companies create the environment that there is no importance of the ethical consideration.However, companies raise the profitability of their employees through the advanced ethical consideration in order to spread the ethical awareness. According to protestant ethic, a person achieves their objectives in an organization through his hard work, not the ethical consideration. Ethical standard in the organization Ethical standard is applicable for every individual in a different way. In other words, ethical standard is the basic value and fairness of the people in a firm. Organization encourages the people to think different towards the business goal, which is helpful for the organization to enhance their profits. Meanwhile, an organization needs to follow the ethical theories in business in order to better understand the employee behavior. Along with this, theories are also helpful to control on internal affairs of the organization. Pluralistic ignorance is a situation where all the members are denied the ethical norms and standards (Peterson and Ferrell, 2016). Work, Bureaucracy, and the Market Most of the companies think that there is requirement of some laws and regulation to protect the buyers and sellers from the dishonest trading partner in the market, because companies have fear of losing the market. There are some regulations that exist in the market that protects the interest of the workers, local community, and nations (Arnold, et al., 2015). In the current environment, due to arbitrary actions, there is no reward system for the hard working people. Unfortunately, success is a capricious and disaster looms. According to the bureaucracy system, organization disposes of the human resources. Danger of Skepticism In the unregulated market, organizations differentiate their value through more vulnerable to ethical. There are some ethical attributes that tend to long-term stability in the market such as trustworthiness, cooperation that do not represent the company profitability as the primary factor. A firm needs to focus on everal factors for success and one of those is ehical values are more successful in the market rather than the unethical organization Economic Benefits of the Business Ethics Good ethics is effective for the organization in the long run, because it raises the brand image and productivity of the firm in the market. Therefore, in a survey 65% respondents think that ethical standard is helpful for the firm to take competitive advantage. Similarly, 94% of business community faces the problem related to ethical issues. At the same time, 67% companies follow the ethical consideration consequently; it provides the donation to the charitable trust as his social responsibility (Finch, et al., 2015). Thus, ethical consideration can be helpful to take an effective decision and raise the sales. Self-interested behavior can be helpful to provide the positive outcomes for the organizations. It can be said that success depends on the ethical consideration in the business. However, business ethic develops the trust, cooperation and value between the customers and suppliers. Instead of this, a smaller company denies obeying the business ethics due to the temptation of sho rt term profit. Unraveling the Contradictions Some Companies have invited the people to invest their money in short-term goals rather than the long term for the fund's stability. However, a firm expects to a manager and their employees to follow the ethical standard to accomplish the goals. Recommendations In business ethics, the organization should avoid the bureaucracy control on employees while managing the ethics in business consequently, it needs to manage and communicate with the help of social system and provide an equal chance to every employee to think differently related to business ethics. Similarly, the organization should appoint the experts to determine the organization ethical behavior activity as to promote more ethical. The company should overcome the inducements in unethical behavior such as punishment for nonperformer. Additionally, it can be recommended that organization should conduct the education programs and training to reinforce the ethical code, which is quite helpful to take effective decision making in the context of ethical consideration. Meanwhile, it should also prepare the top level hierarchy to use their power to create an ethical environment. Simultaneously, the company should provide the reward to their best - performing employees. Conclusion On the basis of above analysis, it can be concluded that ethical behavior is significant for the business, because it raises the feasibility of the firm in the market. Ethical behavior develops the positive relation between management and employees vice versa developing and maintenance the ethical consideration in the business is very expensive. The ethical consideration can be helpful to raise the profitability of the firm. Simultaneously, most of the companies fail to reinforce the ethical consideration, consequently, it negative impacts upon their long-term sustainability and profitability (Matten, 2015). Some firms used the hypocritical window dressing way to enhance their value, sales, corporate social responsibility, and profits. References Delistavrou, A. and Tilikidou, I. (2012). Exploring the Ethical Behaviour Adopted by Greek Consumers.Journal of Marketing Vistas,1(2), 22-35. Axelrod, S. (Ed.). (2013).Effects of punishment on human behavior. USA: Academic Press. Weiss, J. W. (2014).Business ethics: A stakeholder and issues management approach. USA: Berrett-Koehler Publishers. Chell, E., Spence, L. J., Perrini, F. and Harris, J. D. (2016). Social entrepreneurship and business ethics: does social equal ethical?.Journal of Business Ethics,133(4), 619-625. DesJardins, J. R. and McCall, J. J. (2014).Contemporary issues in business ethics. USA: Cengage Learning. Peterson, P. E. and Ferrell, O. C. (2016).Business Ethics: New Challenges for Business Schools and Corporate Leaders: New Challenges for Business Schools and Corporate Leaders. UK: Routledge. Arnold, D. G., Goodpaster, K. E. and Weaver, G. R. (2015). Past Trends and Future Directions in Business Ethics and Corporate Responsibility Scholarship.Business Ethics Quarterly,25(04), 121-141. Finch, D., Deephouse, D. and Varella, P. (2015). Examining an Individuals Legitimacy Judgment Using the ValueAttitude System: The Role of Environmental and Economic Values and Source Credibility.Journal of Business Ethics,127(2), 265-281. Matten, D. (2015).Business Ethics: Managing Corporate Citizenship and Sustainability in the Age of Globalization. USA: Oxford University Press.